APA
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Kureshi, N., Walling, S., Erdogan, M., Opra, I., Green, R. S., & Clarke, D. B. (2024). Alcohol is a risk factor for helmet non-use and fatalities in off-road vehicle and motorcycle crashes. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 50, 2073–2079.
Chicago/Turabian
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Kureshi, Nelofar, Simon Walling, Mete Erdogan, Izabella Opra, Robert S Green, and David B Clarke. “Alcohol Is a Risk Factor for Helmet Non-Use and Fatalities in off-Road Vehicle and Motorcycle Crashes.” European journal of trauma and emergency surgery 50 (2024): 2073–2079.
MLA
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Kureshi, Nelofar, et al. “Alcohol Is a Risk Factor for Helmet Non-Use and Fatalities in off-Road Vehicle and Motorcycle Crashes.” European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, vol. 50, Springer, 2024, pp. 2073–79.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{kureshi2024a,
title = {Alcohol is a risk factor for helmet non-use and fatalities in off-road vehicle and motorcycle crashes},
year = {2024},
journal = {European journal of trauma and emergency surgery},
pages = {2073--2079},
publisher = {Springer},
volume = {50},
author = {Kureshi, Nelofar and Walling, Simon and Erdogan, Mete and Opra, Izabella and Green, Robert S and Clarke, David B}
}
Off-road vehicle (ORV) and motorcycle use is common in Canada; however, risk of serious injury is heightened when these vehicles are operated without helmets and under the influence of alcohol. This study evaluated the impact of alcohol intoxication on helmet non-use and mortality among ORV and motorcycle crashes. Using data collected from the Nova Scotia Trauma Registry, a retrospective analysis (2002–2017) of ORV and motorcycle crashes resulting in major traumatic brain injury was performed. Patients were grouped by blood alcohol concentration (BAC) as negative (< 2 mmol/L), legally intoxicated (2-17.3 mmol/L) or criminally intoxicated (> 17.3 mmol/L). Logistic regression models were constructed to test for helmet non-use and mortality. A total of 424 trauma patients were included in the analysis (220 ORV, 204 motorcycle). Less than half (45%) of patients involved in ORV crashes were wearing helmets and 65% were criminally intoxicated. Most patients involved in motorcycle crashes were helmeted at time of injury (88.7%) and 18% were criminally intoxicated. Those with criminal levels of intoxication had 3.7 times the odds of being unhelmeted and were 3 times more likely to die prehospital compared to BAC negative patients. There were significantly increased odds of in-hospital mortality among those with both legal (OR = 5.63), and criminal intoxication levels (OR = 4.97) compared to patients who were BAC negative. Alcohol intoxication is more frequently observed in ORV versus motorcycle crashes. Criminal intoxication is associated with helmet non-use. Any level of intoxication is a predictor of increased in-hospital mortality.